The rapid evolution and integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into various aspects of society has introduced a significant degree of uncertainty into the legal landscape. This uncertainty arises from the challenges of applying existing laws to new AI technologies and the need for novel regulatory approaches that can adequately address AI's unique capabilities and risks. Legislators around the world are grappling with how to strike the balance between new regulatory frameworks and innovation.
In this context, the Lex Mundi AI Legislative Guide emerges as an essential tool for staying abreast of specific legislation, final regulations or other formal regulatory guidance addressing the use of AI in jurisdictions across the globe by identifying these as well as the agencies tasked with regulating these laws. The guide does not attempt to address existing laws that might impact the use of AI; rather, the intention is to identify, track and monitor new AI-specific legislation on the horizon.
With contributions covering more than 130 jurisdictions from all regions of the world, this elucidating guide offers a global perspective on new AI legislation. By doing so, it enables a comparative analysis of legislative approaches, regulatory authorities, and governance structures across jurisdictions.
Africa's AI Legislation Landscape
In Africa, AI regulation seems to be a nascent concept with no principal, unified legislation in most countries. However, provisions within their data protection and communication acts could potentially govern AI. Egypt has taken a step forward with its Data Protection Law, ensuring compliance for AI systems processing personal data. South Africa also shows signs of readiness as its Information Regulator begins to engage in AI regulation matters.
The Asian Perspective on AI
Asia represents a diverse picture when it comes to AI legislation. China has moved swiftly, implementing several AI-specific regulations encompassing aspects like algorithm recommendation and deep synthesis. Singapore’s approach is sectoral and voluntary with different guidelines catering to varied sectors. Japan has focused on human-centric AI, outlining its AI Guidelines for Businesses.
European & UK AI Guidelines
Europe leads the charge with the world's first comprehensive AI Act. The EU Artificial Intelligence Act classifies AI systems into risk categories, imposing responsibilities on developers and deployers accordingly. The UK, on the other hand, follows a sector-specific regulation approach, with each sector's existing regulators implementing AI frameworks.
Middle East Perspectives
Oman’s AI focus lies in economic diversification and ethical considerations. Saudi Arabia currently leans on existing laws around data privacy, IP, and cybersecurity, while also providing AI development guidance through their national strategy and principles. Qatar has also made strides in AI regulation.
Latin America and the Caribbean Updates
In Latin America and the Caribbean, AI regulation is largely undeveloped, with several countries lacking specific legislation or regulatory agencies for AI. Brazil has made clear its intent to guide AI development and use through the Brazilian Artificial Intelligence Strategy and bill no. 2338/2023. Additionally, Peru has specific legislation promoting the use of AI for economic and social development.
North America – Navigating Through AI Regulation
Some North American legislators have proposed specific AI laws like Canada’s draft Artificial Intelligence and Data Act. The United States does not yet have an overarching federal law governing AI, leaving various federal agencies to issue their own guidelines and recommendations. Approaches also differ between states. Meanwhile, Mexico relies on its Personal Data Protection Law for AI-related concerns.
In compiling this guide, Lex Mundi seeks to equip the legal community with a broad understanding of the intricate web of AI-specific legislation across the globe. By recognizing the diversity and complexity of these laws, we believe we can better navigate the ever-evolving world of AI and meet the challenges that lie ahead.
View the guide and create a tailored report concerning your key jurisdictions here.